MODERN BIHAR

                        MODERN BIHAR

Bihar is an Indian state which is considered to be part of eastern and northern India. It is the 13th largest state of India, in which 94,163 km2 (36,357 sq mi) area is located. India's third largest state by population, it is from Uttar Pradesh to the west, Nepal in the north, and northern part of West Bengal in the east, With Jharkhand in the south. Bihar Maidan is divided by the Ganges river which flows from west to east. Bihar is the integration of three different regions: Magadha, Mithila, and Bhojpur

On November 15, 2000, Southern Bihar was prepared to form a new state of Jharkhand. Only 11.3% of Bihar's population lives in urban areas, the lowest in India after Himachal Pradesh. In addition, about 58% of Biharis are below the age of 25 years, giving Bihar the highest proportion of the youth of any Indian state.

In ancient and classical India, Bihar was once considered as the center of electricity, learning and culture. From Magadha, India's first empire, along with the Maurya Empire, is one of the most widely followed religions of the world, Buddhism originated. Magadha Empire, especially under the Maurya and Gupta dynasties, Integrated large parts of South Asia under Central Government. Another area of ​​Bihar is Mithila, which was the center of Brahminic education and the Videha empire.

There is an ongoing movement in the Maithili speaking area of ​​Bihar for a different Indian state of Mithila. The decision of the state capital will not be decided yet, but Darbhanga is the highest candidate. Other potential capitals include Muzaffarpur, Purnia, Madhubani and Begusarai

In the latter part of the 1970s, Bihar is far behind behind other Indian states in terms of social and economic development. Many economists and social scientists claim that this is a direct result of central government policies, such as freight equal policy, indifference towards Bihar, lack of sub-nationalism of Biharis, And permanent settlement of 1793 by the British East India Company 
However, the state government has taken important steps in the development of the state. Better governance has led to economic revival in the state through better investment in infrastructure, better health care facilities, greater emphasis on education, and reduction of crime and corruption.

Bihar Demographics
After the 2011 census, Bihar was India's third most populous state with a total population of 104,099,452 (54,278,157 men and 49,821,295 women). About 89% of Bihar's population lives in rural areas. The density was 1,106. The sex ratio was 918 females per 1000 males.  About 58% of Bihar's population was under 25 years of age, Which is the highest in India. Most of Bihar's population is related to Indo-Aryan-speaking ethnic groups, as well as with some Dravid speaking and Austro-speaking people, mostly in Chhotanagpur Plateau (now part of Jharkhand).

It attracted Punjabi Hindu refugees during the partition of British India in 1947. Bihar's total literacy rate is 63.82% (75.7% for males and 53% for females), which has registered an increase of 20% in female literacy over a decade.  At 11.3%, Bihar has the second lowest urbanization rate in India.  According to the 2011 census, Population density increased to 1000 per square kilometer, making Bihar the most densely populated state of India, but still less than the distribution of Western Java or Indonesia.
According to the 2011 census, 82.7% of Bihar's population practiced Hinduism while 16.9% followed Islam.

Agriculture

Bihar is the largest producer of vegetables and second largest producer of fruits in India. Bihar has high agricultural production which makes it one of the strongest regions of the state. Approximately 80 percent of the state's population is employed in agriculture, which is more than the average of India.

The main agricultural products produced in Bihar are Litchi, Guava, Mango, Pineapple, Brinjal,Lady finger,  Cauliflower, Cabbage, Rice, Wheat and Sugarcane.

Although good soil and favorable climate conditions like good rains favour agriculture, it still has to face the danger of flood, which can emerge from fertile soil, if not properly preserved. The state (mostly southern parts) face drought almost every year, such as the production of crops like paddy.

TOURISM in Bihar

Bihar's culture and heritage can be seen from the large number of ancient

 monuments spread throughout the state. Tourists from around the world are 

visited by Bihar, about 24,000,

000 (24 million) tourists visiting the state each year.

In earlier times, tourism in this area was entirely based on educational tourism,

 because Bihar was home to some of the major ancient universities like Bihar 

Nalanda and Vikramashila 

TRANSPORT

Airways

There are three operational airports in Bihar: Lok Nayak Jay Prakash Narayan international Airport, Patna; Gaya Airport; And Purnia Airport To get international chartered flights, Patna Airport has been classified as a restricted international airport with customs facilities. An airport at Muzaffarpur is under construction. Darbhanga airport is scheduled to start operations under the UDAN-2 scheme.

INLAND WATERWAYS

The Ganga - Naval throughout the year - the main river highway in the vast north

 Indo-Gangetic plain. 

Was capable of accommodating five hundred traders were known to rotate this river during 

ancient times; 

It worked as a vascular for foreign trade,

As the goods were transported to Palampur (later Patna) and Champa (later Bhagalpur)

 in the sea and to ports in Sri Lanka and Southeast Asia.